Creating value in these turbulent times is a defining challenge for public service leaders. Grappling with the economic downturn, organizations have already been forced to make painful choices about program and service cuts—all while constituents are demanding more services, transparency, accountability and value from government. But today’s cost- containment measures cannot be built on one-off tactics for immediate relief. They must be driven by structural and efficiency improvements that enable sustainable innovation for the long term. A downturn of this magnitude requires a new mindset, not just a retread of traditional responses